Ultraprecision quantum sensing and measurement based on nonlinear hybrid optomechanical systems containing ultracold atoms or atomic Bose–Einstein condensate

In this review, the authors study how a hybrid optomechanical system (OMS), in which quantum micro- or nano-mechanical oscillator is coupled to electromagnetic radiation pressure, consisting of an ensemble ultracold atoms atomic Bose–Einstein condensate, can be used as ultraprecision sensor for measuring very weak signals. As well-known any precise measurement, competition between shot noise and backaction measurement executes limitation on precision so-called standard limit (SQL). case where intensity signal even lower than SQL, one needs perform sensing beat SQL. For purpose, review three important methods surpassing SQL OMS: (i) evading nondemolition variable system, (ii) coherent cancelation, (iii) parametric sensing, simultaneous amplification, added suppression below Furthermore, have shown article first time classical fluctuation driving laser phase, phase noise, affects power spectrum output optical field OMS induces additional impression makes total increase above Also, it has been that OMSs, impossible amplify while suppressing simultaneously.